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Checklist of Finnish Leidoptera – Suomen perhosten luettelo
Varis, Vesa (ed.), Matti Ahola, Anders Albrecht, Jukka Jalava, Lauri Kaila, Sakari Kerppola & Jaakko Kullberg 1995: Checklist of Finnish Leidoptera – Suomen perhosten luettelo. – Sahlbergia 2: 1-80.
The Lepidoptera species recorded from Finland until 1 April 1995 are listed. Imported species are not included. After our publication of our previous checklist, the number of recorded species has increased by 61, the present total number being 2378. Fifty-three species has been recorded as new to Finland, two species have been described as new, seven taxa formerly considered as single species have been split, on species earlier omitted from our list has been reinstated, and one species considered as an import is now treated as indigenous. All changes with respect to the previous Finnish checklist are briefly annotated.
Second recorded import of the Neotropical Warble Fly, Dermatobia hominis , to Finland
Ståhls, Gunilla 1995: Second recorded import of the Neotropical Warble Fly, Dermatobia hominis (Diptera, Oestridae, Cuterebrinae), to Finland . – Sahlbergia 2: 81-82.
The Neotropical Warble Fly, Dermatobia hominis , is recorded for the second time from Finland . A female tourist who visited Guatemala had acquired two larvae on her scalp. The life-cycle and the process of host infection are described.
Roundworm Pheromermis pachysoma (von Linstow) found in Finland (Nematoda, Mermithidae)
Pekkarinen, Antti & Huldén, Larry 1995: Sukkulamato Pheromermis pachysoma (von Linstow) (Nematoda, Mermithidae) löydetty Suomesta yhteiskunta-ampiaisesta [Roundworm Pheromermis pachysoma (von Linstow) found in Finland (Nematoda, Mermithidae)]. – Sahlbergia 2: 83-85.
Pheromermis pachysoma (von Linstow) has been recorded from southern Finland as a parasite of a queen of Dolichovespula norwegica (Fabricius). The length of the postparasitic juvenile worm was about 90mm and its greatest width about 1mm. Several records indicate a large distribution of the parasite in Europe , but it is unsettled weather various European populations are conspecific. The biology of the parasite is described on the basis of the literature.
Description of the female and notes on the biology of Elachista nielswolffi Svensson (Lepidoptera, Elachistidae)
Itämies, Juhani & Mutanen, Marko 1995: Description of the female and notes on the biology of Elachista nielswolffi Svensson (Lepidoptera, Elachistidae). – Sahlbergia 2: 86.
One female of Elachista nielswolffi Svensson, 1976 was bread from a leaf of Deschampsia flexuosa , the first known food plant of the species. The female is described.
A checklist of Finnish Hymenoptera, Parasitica. Part 1. Ichneumonidae, subfamilies Pimplinae, Rhyssinae and Diacritinae
Koponen, Martti, Jussila, Reijo & Vikberg, Veli 1995: Suomen loispistiäisluettelo (Hymenoptera, Parasitica) Osa 1. heimo Ichneumonidae, alaheimot Pimplinae, Rhyssinae ja Diacritinae [A checklist of Finnish Hymenoptera, Parasitica. Part 1. Ichneumonidae, subfamilies Pimplinae, Rhyssinae and Diacritinae]. – Sahlbergia 2:87-98.
Distribution and phenology of the Vespinae and Polistinae species in eastern Fennoscandia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Pekkarinen, Antti & Huldén, Larry 1995: Distribution and phenology of the Vespinae and Polistinae species in eastern Fennoscandia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). – Sahlbergia 2: 99-111.
Distribution and phenology of 12 Vespinae species and Polistes nimpha in Finland and northwestern Russia are presented on the basis of about 7400 specimens from public and private collections. Recent records indicate a permanent population of Vespa crabro in Olonets Karelia, but there are no Finnish records of nesting after 1973. There are no new records about P . nimpha , but it may be present in the Karelian Isthmus or Olonets Karelia. The range of six species extend to the northernmost alpine (oroarctic) habitats in Fennoscandia and D . norwegica is a predominating species in the northern habitats. Compared with other Vespinae species, the abundances of Dolichovespula media , D . sylvestris , Vespula austriaca and D . rufa have decreased over the last few decades in Finland , while abundances of D . saxonica and V . vulgaris have increased. The phenology of most species is fairly similar. Yet, hibernated queens of the three inquiline species emerge later (in June) than nest making species, and the season for colonies of V . crabro and Vespula vulgaris is considerably longer in the autumn than for other species.
Migration of hornet (Vespa crabro L.) in southwestern archipelago of Finland in 1992
Kullberg, Jaakko 1995: Herhiläisvaellus lounaissaaristossa loppukesällä 1992 [Migration of hornet (Vespa crabro L.) in southwestern archipelago of Finland in 1992]. – Sahlbergia 2: 112.
Three male hornet (Vespa crabro) specimens were collected from the southwestern Finland during August and September in the archipelago of N: Hanko and Ab: Dragsfjärd. The hornet is considered as an endangered species in Finland . However it is obvious that these specimens are immigrants from south, because there is no data about nesting in collecting sites. During these seasons the weather was good for insect migrations and also several other species of migrating insects were observed in the see.
Mapping of the leaf beetle secies Macroplea pubipennis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the Esbo bay, Finland
Biström, Olof 1995: Kartering av stor natebock, bladbaggen Macroplea pubipennis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) I Esboviken, Finland [Mapping of the leaf beetle secies Macroplea pubipennis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the Esbo bay, Finland]. – Sahlbergia 2: 113-116.
A detailed, distributional survey of the threatened, waterliving leaf beetle species Macroplea pubipennis (Reuter) in the Esbo bay, Gulf of Finland , is presented. Thus far, the species is in Europe known only from Finland and at present only one locality with a viable population is known. Protection of the known locality in Esbo bay is urgently needed to secure the future occurrence of the species in this area. Two larvae, probably belonging to M . pubipennis , were recorded on the waterplant Myriophyllum verticillatum .
Distribution records of Finnish weevils
Silfverberg, Hans 1995: Utbredningsuppgifter om Finlands vivalar (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) [Distribution records of Finnish weevils]. – Sahlbergia 2: 117-118.
New records mentioned for some Finnish weevil species; either rare species or records that essentially enlarge the known range. Larinus planus (F.) has been reported from Finland based on misidentified L . sturnus specimen, and is thus deleted from the Finnish fauna.
Phorbia phrenione (Seguy) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in Finland
Väre, Henry & Itämies, Juhani 1995: Phorbia phrenione (Seguy) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in Finland . – Sahlbergia 2: 119-124.
Phorbia phrenione (Seguy) is a poorly known fly in Finland ; it is not included in the list of Finnish Diptera. P . phrenione feeds on an Ascomycete ( Epichloe typhina : Clavicipitaceae), which infects the culms an leaves of various grass species. Based on the occurrence of eggs and larval covers in the stroma of its mutualistic counterpart E . typhina in herbarium specimens, the distribution of the fly in Finland was mapped. Eggs and larval covers occurred in over 90 % of herbarium specimens. E . typhina and P . phrenione are scattered but widely distributed in Finland , its northernmost positions being in the parishes of Enontekiö and Utsjoki. Only the fjeld region seems to be completely outside its range. E . typhina prefers Dactylis glomerata and Phleum pretense in southern Finland , but Calamagrostis lapponica and C . purpurea subsp. phragmitoides in northern Finland.It seams appropriate to assume that E . typhina and P . phreonine have reached Finland from two directions, as evidenced by the lack of both E . typhina and P . phreonine in Central Finland . Populations in SW Finland apparently orginate from Central Europe , and those in northern from the east. These assumptions are further supported by the fact that grass species infected by E . typhina in SW Finland are the same as those in Central Europe, but in northern Finland only Calamagrostis species are infected. This is a rare host genus in Central Europe, the species which host E . typhina and Phorbia phreonine there are not the same as in northern Finland . The nesting habitats are usually dry meadows, whereas in northern Finland the nesting habitats are moist forests, often situated near lakes or small rivers. In southern Finland P . phrenione often occurs in urban areas too.
The workers of Vespula vulgaris robbing sugar from a honeybee nest in November (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)
Mikkola, Kauri, Pauli Nurminen, Antti pekkarinen & Kari Pohjakallio 1995: Yleisen ampiaisen (Vespula vulgaris) työläiset talven kynnykselle kepulikonstein [The workers of Vespula vulgaris robbing sugar from a honeybee nest in November (Hymenoptera, Vespidae]. – Sahlbergia 2: 125.
The workers from a Vespula vulgaris nest in the South of Finland were observed to forage in a honeybee nest, ca. 40 m apart, until 13 November, 1994 when the nest was collected. There had earlier been severe frost periods and even some snow on the ground. In the low temperatures, around + 3..5°C, the wasps were able to robb sugar used as winterfood for the bees. In the wasp nest there were around 10 000 cells and 287 workers. The observation shows that the main reason for autumnal degeneration of the wasp colonies is food shortage. Perennial nest of V . vulgaris have been observed in New Zeeland and late nests recently in England .
Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor, 1861) (Homoptera, Psylloidea), a new species to Finland
Nokkala, Seppo 1995: Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor, 1861) (Homoptera, Psylloidea), a new species to Finland . – Sahlbergia 2: 126.
Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor) is recorded for the first time from Finland in the town Turku . The species was found to form abundant populations in poplar ( Populus x generosa ). The closest known occurrence is in Estonia .
Caenis robusta Eaton (Ephemeroptera, Caenidae) in the Siikalahti wetland nature reserve, SE Finland
Hämäläinen, Heikki 1995: Caenis robusta Eaton (Ephemeroptera, Caenidae) in the Siikalahti wetland nature reserve, SE Finland . – Sahlbergia 2: 127-128.
Caenis robusta, a rare mayfly species, is reported from the Siikalahti wetland nature reserve in the biological province of Karelia ladogensis, SE Finland . This is the third record of the species from Finland , the first from an inland lake and by far the northernmost within the species’ range.